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1、高考英语社科类语篇阅读讲解练习一、语篇特点1、内容社科类语篇有时也会涉及到科技和自然科学，比如用到了什么最新的工具，观察了大脑不同区域的生理变化等等，但社科类语篇研究的对象一般是人的行为和心理，通常会提及一项新的研究，会陈述实验过程，进行数据分析，探讨结论应用等等。要读懂社科类语篇，除了英语本身的词汇和语法，它还涉及一些跨学科的知识，比如你的逻辑思维，数物化生的知识，生活常识等等，这些都会成为你阅读理解的助力或者障碍。举个例子，“the ratio of noise to signals”，你至少得知道，既然noise写在前面，那么当noise越多的时候，这个比值肯定越大。2、词汇这类语篇会提
2、及很多专有名词和抽象概念，还会出现很多课本上没有的派生词。因此同学们一定要熟练掌握各类前缀（如pre-,re-, mis-，dis-，un-等）和后缀（如-tive, -ism，-less，-ness等）的涵义，让自己阅读起来障碍更少。3、句型社科类语篇经常会出现一些特殊句型用来进行类比或得出结论，简单的比如“the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示越怎样就越怎样，“just as.正如”, 而生僻一点的，比如what表示类比的句型，同学们可以特别留意一下。“Water is to fish what air is to man.水对于鱼就像空气对于人一样。”“various types of
3、information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.各种类型的信息对我们的影响就像棉花糖对学龄前儿童的影响一样。”插入语在社科类语篇中出现频率也较高，在提取主干信息的时候，同学们可以将插入语去掉，如“Nassim Taleb argues in the book Antifragile that it is not true on a relative basis.”去掉插入语后“Nassim Taleb argues that it is not true on a relative basis.”，我们可以更加直观地
4、得出后半句便是Nassim Taleb的观点。二、答题策略1.根据关键信息去定位原文（尤其人名，这是谁的观点，谁做的研究）。2.当某个选项事实无误，但原文未提及，或者与题目无关，都不能选。3.万能的排除法：当四个选项都不太符合你的预期，那就选择一个没那么离谱或者与你的预期沾点边的。三、强化训练语篇1（出自2024浙江首考）The Stanford marshmallow(棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late1960s.Children aged four to six at a
5、 nursery school were placed in a room.A single sugary treat, selected by the child,was placed on a table.Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat.Then they were left alone in the room.Follow-up studies with the children later in li
6、fe showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day.Were not tempted(诱惑)by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets-all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.We are tempted by sugary treats because our anc
