高中英语2025届高考语法复习语态知识讲解

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1、高考英语语法复习语态知识讲解一、各种时态的被动语态的构成时态被动语态的构成形式例句一般现在时Am/is/are doneMr Wang is invited to make a speech in our school.一般过去时Was/were doneThe machine wasnt repaired yesterday.一般将来时Will/shall be done,am/is/are going to be doneThe meeting is going to be held at 8 am tomorrow.过去将来时Would be done,Was/were going to

2、 be doneShe said that she would be given an iPhone as a birthday gift.现在进行时Am/is/are being doneHis computer is being repaired.过去进行时Was/were being doneHer car was being washed at that time.现在完成时Has/have been doneThis novel has been translated into many languages.过去完成时Had been doneThey had been warned

3、 many times before they carried out the plan.拓展：“get+过去分词”也可表示被动，get与be一样起助动词的作用，一般用来谈论突然发生的事件，只表示动作，不表示状态。She got hurt on her way back home.Some tea cups got broken when we were moving.二、主动形式表示被动意义的情况情况例词例句表示主语的内在特征、性质或状态的动词，常用主动形式表示被动意义Open,read,sell,teach,write等His novel sells well.Your pen write

4、s quite smoothly.少数动词的进行时常用主动形式表示被动意义，此时句子的主语通常为指物的名词Cook,do,owe,print等The dinner is cooking.The magazine is printing in that company.一些词后的动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动式Need,want,require等The garden needs watering. (=The garden needs to be watered.)The problem requires studying with great care. (=The prob

5、lem requires to be studied with great care.)某些“be+形容词+不定式”结构中，形容词说明不定式的特征，句子主语与不定式在逻辑上是被动关系，但不定式用主动形式Easy,hard,comfortable,dangerous等The question is easy to answer.Those signs are hard to see clearly.三、被动语态与“be+过去分词”式系表结构的区别区分角度区别例句从表示的意义上被动语态中的过去分词是动词，多强调动作；系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，多强调状态。前者通常可用“by+人”或“by+抽

6、象名词”表示动作的执行者，后者则一般不用The gate to the garden was locked by the girl.（被动语态）The gate to the garden was locked.（系表结构）从时态上被动语态强调的是动作，其主语是动作的对象，可以有各种时态；而系表结构中的表语是说明主语的状态或特征，不强调动作，多用一般现在时和一般过去时，没有进行时The problem is being studied.（被动语态）This story is well written.（系表结构）从修饰词上系表结构中的过去分词可被very,too,so等修饰；被动语态中的过去分词则常用much,greatly等修饰He was greatly excited by the news.（被动